An ionic formula unit contains a positively charged ion (cation) and a negatively. When atoms (typically metals) lose one or more electrons the become positively charged cations. Ionic, covalent, and acids are three types of chemical compounds. These different types of ion forming metals will be discussed more in the next section on naming compounds ( section 2.7.3). Third, there are two types of metals, those that have only one charge state (like the nonmetals), and those that have multiple charge states. Second, the nonmetals have only one charge state, which represents the number of electrons that need to be added for them to have the same number as a noble gas. Write the formulas for each compound: (a) potassium phosphate. First, metals tend to from cations and nonmetals tend to form anions, while the noble gasses do not tend to form ions. The following ionic compounds are found in common household products. The table shows the names and formulae of some common ions. As a second example, magnesium chloride has the formula MgCl. There are several things you can note from this table though. Names and formulae of ionic compounds To deduce the formulae of ionic compounds, the formulae of their ions can be used. Salts are named by listing the names of their component ions, cation first, then anion. Its formula is NaCl, which is electrically neutral because sodium ion is +1 and chloride ion is -1. If you look at a salt crystal you will see that each positive ion is surrounded on all 6 sides by negative ions, and that a crystal lattice forms. \) should not be considered to be a comprehensive Figure and this topic will be brought up again in the next section. Copy this to my account E-mail to a friend Find other activities Start over Help From a list of almost 2000 names and formulas, students will be given the opportunity to practice their ability to name ionic compounds, given the formula, and determine the formula given the name. When writing the formula of an ionic compound we use the lowest whole number ratio of cations ( + ions) to anions ( - ions).
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